A honeycomb regenerator works by storing heat: hot exhaust gives up its heat to the ceramic on the way out, and the incoming air picks it back up on the way in, so most of the heat is recovered instead of lost up the stack. The straight channels give a high surface area and a low pressure drop, and the ceramic — cordierite, mullite, corundum-mullite or alumina — is chosen for the temperature, up to about 1400°C, and the thermal shock the cycling puts on it. This is what makes an RTO an energy saver and a NOx reducer. Sizes and cell counts are made to the system.