CPVC stands for chlorinated polyvinyl chloride — PVC put through a further chlorination step, lifting the chlorine on the chain from about 57 percent to somewhere between 63 and 69. Those added chlorine atoms wrap and protect the polymer backbone, and that is what changes the ring. Its everyday corrosion chemistry stays much like PVC — acids, alkalis, salts and chlorinated water are all handled — but the temperature at which the plastic stays firm climbs from around 60 degrees to about 95, and resistance to hot and oxidising media improves with it. The open Pall-ring body gives the usual high void and low pressure drop; the point of CPVC is that it keeps that going once the stream turns hot.
Set beside ordinary PVC, the gain is mostly heat and hot-chemical resistance:
| PVC (UPVC) | CPVC |
|---|
| Base | Rigid PVC | PVC, post-chlorinated |
| Max service temperature | ~60°C | ~95°C |
| Hot acids and oxidisers | Limited | Good |
| Chlorine, hypochlorite, brine | Good | Good, including hot |
| Ammonia and amines | Tolerated | Poor — avoid |
| Relative cost | Lowest | Around twice PVC, still low |
Two limits are worth stating plainly. CPVC is a poor match for ammonia and amine chemistry, since those react readily with its chlorine, so an ammonia stream is better left to PP; and organic solvents — aromatics, ketones, esters, chlorinated hydrocarbons — will swell or soften it, as they do PVC. Push past about 95 degrees and the job moves to a fluoropolymer instead. Kept inside its band, CPVC settles into the hot chlorinated and acidic work it was built for: hot hydrochloric and sulphuric scrubbing, chlorine drying towers, hypochlorite and chlor-alkali lines, oxidising acid streams, and warm reaction or stripping columns. In that niche it hands you PVC-grade chlorine and acid resistance with far more heat headroom, for a modest premium over PVC and a fraction of a fluoropolymer's price.