A Raschig ring is the oldest random packing there is: a plain open tube, as tall across as it is wide, with a smooth wall and no cut openings. Rolled from thin metal strip, that simple tube gains a great deal. A metal wall can be just a few tenths of a millimetre thick, so almost the entire volume of the ring is empty — free volume runs from the high eighties up to about 97 percent — and gas and liquid slip through with very little resistance and a low pressure drop. The metal also makes the tube tough and heat-tolerant, so it neither cracks like ceramic nor softens like plastic, and it can be cleaned and reused. The workhorse grades are 304 and 316 stainless; carbon steel covers benign streams, and specialist grades are chosen for the rest.
A distinctive feature is that each diameter is offered in more than one wall thickness, letting you tune the ring to the job:
| Wall | What you gain | Best for |
|---|
| Thinner (about 0.3–0.5 mm) | Higher free volume, lighter, lower cost | Capacity, vacuum service, economy |
| Thicker (about 0.6–1.0 mm) | More strength and longer life | Deep beds, higher pressure, harsher duty |
This mix — a very open bed, mechanical toughness and a choice of wall — is why the metal Raschig ring is favoured for vacuum rectification and for heat-sensitive materials that would degrade, polymerise or coke in a denser packing, as well as for absorption, scrubbing, gas purification and acid-mist removal. Where higher capacity or efficiency is the priority, the windowed metal Pall ring is the step up; where the stream is hot and strongly acidic on a tight budget, ceramic is the better material; but for an open, rugged, reusable metal packing, especially under vacuum, the Raschig ring is a dependable choice.